Gambling involves risking something of value for a chance to win more valuable thing. This can include money, items, or services. It can be done in many ways, including in casinos, sports games, and online. Gambling is a major international commercial activity and can be legal or illegal. There are risks involved with gambling, and some people can become addicted to it. The first step in getting help for a gambling disorder is realizing that you have one. It can take a lot of strength to admit that you have a problem, especially if it has cost you money or strained your relationships. But there are others who have overcome this problem and rebuilt their lives.
There are two main types of gambling – skill-based and chance-based. Skill-based gambling includes card games, poker, and other games that require some degree of skill or knowledge to play. Chance-based gambling includes the lottery, horse races, and other events that have an element of randomness. Some skills may improve the odds of winning, but the outcome of a gamble is still unpredictable.
Gambling is also an addictive activity that affects the brain in several ways. It can change parts of the brain that are involved in experiencing reward and excitement. It can also lead to other problems, such as depression or anxiety. It is important to address these underlying mood disorders as well as the gambling behavior.
Pathological gambling has been described as an addiction in a number of studies since it was first mentioned in the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). It has been compared to substance abuse and alcoholism, and some researchers have suggested that it is a type of impulse control disorder. The criteria used in the current version of the DSM describe a combination of damage or disruption, loss of control, and dependence.
The DSM states that a person with a gambling disorder:
Has lost control of his or her financial, occupational, or social functioning because of gambling.
Often feels an urge to gamble even when faced with negative consequences.
Makes repeated unsuccessful attempts to control or cut back on gambling.
Is preoccupied with gambling and fantasizes about winning big.
Loses interest in other activities.
Has lost or jeopardized a job, education, or relationship because of gambling.
Relies on others to finance his or her gambling.
Is secretive about his or her gambling.
A person with a gambling disorder may hide his or her behavior from others, lie about how much time and money they are spending on gambling, or try to conceal other symptoms of the condition. Family members of a gambling disorder should set boundaries in managing money, take control of the family finances, and review bank and credit card statements to monitor spending.
There are treatment options for a gambling disorder. These options can include cognitive behavioral therapy, psychodynamic therapy, group therapy, and family therapy. There are also several medications that can be used to treat co-occurring conditions, such as depression or anxiety.
